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Table 4 Articulation between modes of production and transport service trajectories
From: Evaluating the performance of freight transport: a service approach
Mode of circulation | Production | Typical freight service operations | Logistics | Service trajectories in freight transport |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Industrial (eg: basic chemicals) | Intermediary goods | M (large-scale, standardized flows, full loads FTL)) | Industrial logistics, based on the criterion of cost | (M) |
No differentiation | Externalized transport | Tendency towards | ||
Economies of scale | All transport modes, including “heavy” modes | (M) + (I) | ||
Specialized production plants | ||||
Flexible (eg : clothing, food) | Consumer goods | I; sometimes C | Sophisticated logistics (high-speed transport + EDI) | (M) + (I) |
Mass production, but differentiated | Association of frequent, rapid and small-scale or consolidated (LTL) flows of goods and flows of information | JIT production and/or distribution | Tendency towards | |
Main criteria: reliability (time, quality) and flexibility (frequent changes in logistic organization) | (M) + (I) + (C) | |||
Mainly road haulage | Tendency towards a disintegration of logistic operations among service providers | |||
Third-party logistics | (M) / (I) + (C) | |||
A few cases (M) + (R) | ||||
Professional (eg : machinery, engineering) | Production of units or very small scale of production | M | Basic logistics, on a small scale | (M) |
Customized production | Small-scale flows of goods | No contracting out of logistic services | In some cases (M) + (R) | |
Specific knowledge, close user-producer interactions | Internalized transport operations | |||
Road haulage |