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Table 4 Measures to encourage the use of rail transportation adopted in “minimum”, “trend” and “consensus” scenarios. Source: [32], elaborated
From: A heuristic method for determining CO2 efficiency in transportation planning
Minimum | Trend | Consensus | |
|---|---|---|---|
Measures to encourage the use of rail transportation | |||
Intermodality | Considerable improvement, reduction of technical and administrative barriers | Considerable improvement, reduction of technical and administrative barriers | Considerable improvement, reduction of technical and administrative barriers, optimization of the rail services |
Rolling highway | At 2004 level | At 2004 level | At 2003 level |
Railroad costs | Slight reduction (−5% for goods) | Slight reduction (−5% for goods) | Considerable reduction |
Subsidies | Reduction for profitless transports | Reduction for profitless transports | Slight reduction, but not related to profitless transports. Rail is more funded |
Railway traffic market rules | Slight liberalization and broad privatization of freight and passenger transport | Slight liberalization and broad privatization of freight and passenger | Slight liberalization and broad privatization of freight and passenger |
Enforcement of railway lines | Realization of Gotthard, Moncenisio and Lötschberg base tunnels | Realization of BRENNER, Gotthard, Moncenisio and Lötschberg base tunnels. In 2025 TEN-T are realized | Realization of BRENNER, Gotthard, Moncenisio and Lötschberg base tunnels. In 2025 TEN-T are realized |
Telematics | Introduction of ERTMS systems for high-capacity lines until 2025 | Introduction of ERTMS systems for high-capacity lines until 2025 | Introduction of ERTMS systems for all high-capacity lines until 2015 |
Average rail speed | Slight changes in comparison with current speed | In comparison with current speeds: +3% up to 2015, further + 2% up to 2025 | In comparison with trend scenario: +3% up to 2015, further + 2% up to 2025 |