Table 8 Dimensions and indicators of sustainable urban mobility: a synthesis of the review of relevant studies
Ref. | Scale | Dimensions of sustainability | Indicators | Brief description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
[21] | Urban | Accessibility, economic, environment, health, safety, governance | 52 | The study is aimed at selecting a limited number of indicators which may fulfil stakeholders’ expectations of a sustainable urban transport system |
[22] | Regional | Transport, social, environmental, economic | 15 | A stakeholder survey based on a multi-criteria technique is used to select the 15 best performing sustainable transport indicators out of an initial long list of 233 |
[25] | National | Transport, environmental | 40a | Indicator-based yearly reporting mechanism which monitors the integration and effectiveness of transport and environment strategies in the EU |
[26] | Urban | Economic, social, environmental, transport activity. | 47 | Reviews the adequacy/deficiency of transport planning in Lahore (Pakistan) and recommends some measures for developing a more sustainable urban transport system |
[27] | Urban | Economic, Social, Environmental, mobility | 19 | Develops a set of indicators for measuring the sustainability of Lyon’s urban travel system (estimations are mainly based on households’ travel survey data) |
[28] | Urban | Economic, social, environmental | 35 | Integrated approach based on land-use transport models, spatial disaggregation of the data, economic/social evaluations, and multi-criteria analysis |
[29] | Urban | Mobility | 1 | Evaluates the sustainability of the transportation system in San Antonio (Texas) using ‘vehicle travel miles’ as a key indicator |
[30] | Urban | Transport, environment, infrastructures, technologies, spatial planning, transportation demand, Socio-economic | 24 | Employing multi-criteria analysis, this study identifies a set of indicators (and their relative importance) suitable for monitoring the urban mobility conditions of selected cities in Brazil and Portugal |
[31] | National | Transport modes, social, environmental, economic | 1 index | The sustainability index results from a two-steps aggregation of composite and individual indicators. All indicators are elasticities between non-transportation and transportation variables |
[32] | Urban | Mobility | 8 (1 index) | With the aim of monitoring mobility conditions in medium-sized cities, this study develops a so called “Sample Mobility Index” (composed of indicators related to walking, vehicle-use and cycling) |
[33] | Urban | – | 4 | Suggests a methodology for quantifying land-use/urban-form based indicators based on remote-sensing technology, basic statistics, spatial analysis and modelled processes |
[34] | Urban | Urban transport, urban design, urban management, urban environment | 42 | Harmonized set of indicators that could to be used for assessing the sustainability of an urban environment. Indicators are identified by taking into account a number of urban development-related concerns |
[35] | – | Economic, social, environmental | 34 | List of recommended indicators disaggregated by relevance and dimensional category—based on a review of studies and best practices |