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Table 2 Critical and follow-up headways values for double-lane roundabouts
From: Gap-accepteance parameters for roundabouts: a systematic review
study name | country | estimation method applied | entry lane | critical headway | follow-up headway | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mean [s] | st. deviation [s] | mean [s] | st. deviation [s] | ||||||||
min | max | min | max | min | max | min | max | ||||
Dahl & Lee [75] | Canada | R.M., P.E. | 3.50 | 6.10 | - | - | 1.60 | 5.00 | - | - | |
De Luca et al. [52] | Italy | n.a. | 3.22 | - | 0.80 | - | - | - | - | - | |
Fortuijn [44] | The Netherlands | n.a. | left | 2.89 | 3.16 | 0.04 | 1.32 | 2.24 | 2.26 | - | - |
Gazzarri et al. [45] | Italy | M.L.M. | left | 3.59 | 4.42 | 0.64 | 1.14 | 2.16 | 3.10 | 0.49 | 0.95 |
right | 3.19 | 4.33 | 0.61 | 1.08 | 2.44 | 2.91 | 0.58 | 0.76 | |||
Greibe & La Cour Lund [43] | Denmark | K.M. | left | 3.90 | 4.10 | - | - | 2.60 | - | - | - |
right | 3.90 | 4.20 | - | - | 2.70 | - | - | - | |||
Guo [77] | China | R.M., M.L.M., R.R.M., A.M. | 2.62 | 3.20 | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
Hagring et al. [42] | Denmark | M.L.M. | left | 4.36 | 4.68 | 1.10 | 1.82 | 2.79 | - | 0.87 | - |
right | 3.68 | 4.49 | 1.20 | 1.68 | 2.89 | - | 1.03 | - | |||
Leemann & Santel [40] | Switzerland | M.L.M. | 3.22 | 4.33 | - | - | 2.27 | 2.63 | - | - | |
Li et al. [71] | US | M.L.M. | left | 4.30 | - | 1.00 | - | 3.10 | - | 1.20 | - |
Manage et al. (2003) [79] | Japan | n.a. | 3.26 | 4.90 | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
Nicolosi et al. [49] | Italy | M.L.M., E.R.M. | 1.87 | 2.94 | 0.35 | 1.01 | 1.87 | 2.50 | 0.42 | 0.55 | |
Qu Z et al. [76] | China | M.L.M., R.M | left | 4.57 | 4.85 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
right | 4.41 | 4.58 | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
Rodegerdts et al. [61] | US | M.L.M. | left | 3.70 | 5.50 | 0.70 | 2.60 | 2.90 | 5.00 | 1.00 | 3.90 |
right | 3.20 | 4.90 | 1.00 | 3.80 | 2.80 | 4.40 | 0.80 | 2.30 | |||
Romano [48] | Italy | n.a. | 2.03 | 3.69 | 0.24 | 1.45 | - | - | - | - | |
Vasconcelos et al. [55] | Portugal | S.M., R.M., M.L.M., W.M., L.M. | 2.56 | 4.46 | - | - | 1.94 | 2.78 | - | - | |
Wu [37] | Germany | n.a. | 4.12 | - | - | - | - | 2.88 | - | - | |
Xu & Tian [72] | US | M.L.M. | left | 4.40 | 5.10 | 0.90 | 1.10 | 1.80 | 2.70 | 0.60 | 0.90 |
right | 4.00 | 4.80 | 0.90 | 1.10 | 2.10 | 2.30 | 0.70 | 1.00 | |||
Zheng et al. [17] | US | M.L.M. | left | 3.30 | 4.80 | 0.60 | 1.40 | 2.10 | 3.10 | 0.70 | 1.40 |
right | 3.00 | 4.40 | 0.60 | 1.50 | 2.20 | 3.00 | 0.50 | 1.20 | |||