Analysis and modelling of performances of the HL (Hyperloop) transport system

European Transport Research Review

An Open Access Journal

Table 2 Some estimates of the indicators of operational performances of the HL system and its counterparts - HSR and APT

Indicator	HL	HSR^f)	APT^g)
Traffic capacity (veh/h)
- Segment	12^a)		–
- Station(s)	p.m.^b)		–
- Line^c)	12	12	–
Maximum service frequency (dep/h)	12^d)	12	3
Vehicle capacity (seats/veh)	28	1000	130
Transport capacity (pax/h)^e)	269^e)	9600	312
Technical productivity (pax-km/h²)^f)	327936^f)	3360000^g)	258968^h)
Length of line (km)	600	600	600
Average operating speed (km/h)	965	264	407
In-vehicle time (minutes)	37.3	136.4	88.5
Schedule delay (min)ⁱ⁾	2.5	2.5	10
Total station-station travel time (min)	40.3	138.9	98.5

^a) At the maximum speed of: vmax = 1220 km/h and the maximum deceleration rate of: a- = 1.5m/s2 without stops along the line/tub, and a utilization rate of the infrastructure Ui = 80%
^b) The station capacity is so far undefined, because it depends on choices regarding number of tracks and pumping capacity, and on the occupation time of the platform by one vehicle. We assume for the latter 4 min, implying a capacity of no more than 15 veh./h in the case of one track
^c)Min (Segment; station); Here we assume that the station capacity is not critical and that the line capacity equals the segment capacity
^d)We assume that the demand volume is sufficient for providing the maximum frequency, partly because the transport capacity of the Hyperloop is low at the highest frequency, and partly because a quick scan for Europe revealed that the potential demand for Hyperloop likely exceeds the capacity by far [32]
^e) At the maximum load factor θ: TC = f·θ·S; we assume for the Hyperloop θ = 80%
^f) At the maximum service frequency and speed, and load factor: TP = f·θ·S·v
^g) Average speed: v = 350 km/h
^h) Average speed: v = 830 km/h
ⁱ⁾ Based on Eq. 23