Preventing the risks of monotony related fatigue while driving through gamification

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Table 4 Results related to psycho-physiological arousal

Measure	Section	Solo Ride (S)		Co-Driver Ride (C)		Interaction Ride (I)		Stat. Test S - I	Effect S - I	Stat. Test C - I	Effect C - I
Measure	Section	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	Stat. Test S - I	Effect S - I	Stat. Test C - I	Effect C - I
ECG (SDNN) [ms]	Overall	66.36	20.29	72.02	24.37	65.42	23.78	Z = −0.79	–	Z = − 0.96	–
	Intervall 3	61.14	22.70	65.10	20.21	61.31	27.45	t = 0.04	–	Z = −1.59	–
	Intervall 7	69.78	21.25	70.21	26.60	64.11	27.79	Z = −2.40**	d = 0.23	Z = − 0.83	–
	Intervall 11	67.40	26.64	72.53	29.66	71.07	27.45	Z = −0.24	–	t = − 0.34	–
	Intervall 15	74.37	31.06	77.54	26.77	72.99	25.48	t = − 0.32	–	Z = − 0.90	–
Increase Blinks [%]	Overall	20.35	32.24	12.49	27.22	1.98	26.51	t = − 2.95***	d = 0.57	t = − 1.83*	d = 0.36
	Intervall 3	7.53	25.04	5.80	17.22	−9.19	17.85	Z = − 2.81***	d = 0.58	t = − 4.00****	d = 0.78
	Intervall 7	32.76	44.18	14.37	31.35	10.32	30.13	t = − 2.60**	d = 0.50	Z = − 1.41	–
	Intervall 11	24.26	32.23	12.75	32.96	−0.89	26.17	t = − 4.37****	d = 0.84	t = − 1.28	–
	Intervall 15	17,22	46,72	23,16	44.84	4.76	21.54	t = −1.22	–	t = 0.67	–
EDA (SCL) [μS]	Overall	0.31	0.11	0.31	0.09	0.32	0.11	t = 0.39	–	t = 0.23	–
	Intervall 3	0.25	0.14	0.34	0.16	0.35	0.16	t = 2.77***	d = 0.50	t = 0.25	–
	Intervall 7	0.32	0.17	0.29	0.13	0.35	0.16	t = 0.75	–	t = 2.07**	d = 0.37
	Intervall 11	0.34	0.17	0.28	0.14	0.33	0.15	t = −0.05	–	t = 1.64	–
	Intervall 15	0.29	0.17	0.29	0.20	0.33	0.20	t = 0.73	–	t = 0.66	–

*p < 0.1 low significance, **p < 0.05 significance, ***p < 0.01 strong significance, ****p < 0.001 highest significance; Z: Wilcoxon signed-ranks test; t: paired samples t-test;