Fig. 1

Characteristic cumulative survival probability (CSP) curves. Countries with no imports/exports (dark blue), high imports (orange), and high exports (turquoise) of used cars. The upper panel depicts the raw CSP data resulting from Eq. 1, while the lower panel illustrates how this raw data can be fitted phenomenologically. Fitting parameters β,γ,δ,μ, and σ refer to the Weibull and Gauss distributions (Eqs. 2 and 3)