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Table 5 Recommended VTT multipliers for use in cost–benefit analysis in Norway [16]

From: Value of travel time by road type

Road type

VTT multiplier, not adjusted for accident risk

VTT multiplier, adjusted for accident risk

VTT multiplier, adjusted for accident risk and normalized*

(1) Urban roads/streets (speed limit ≤ 50 km/h)

  

1.0

(2) Four-lane motorway

1.0

1

0.87

(3) Three-lane motorway

1.1

1.075

0.93

(4) Two-lane highway with median strip

1.2

1.15

1.00

(5) Two-lane highway without median strip

1.44

1.33

1.15

  1. Private travel
  2. *Based on the share of traffic on each road type in Norway [11]