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Table 2 Average of the eight most important mobility challenges faced by Estonian municipalities
STEEP Component | Challenge scores | Average STEEP component score | |
|---|---|---|---|
Social | Social inclusion (Organizing transport according to social requirement, social & mobility impaired transport, transport for school and kindergarten) | C1 (2.38) and C2 (2.08) | 2.22 |
Mobility tracing (Social behavior as input for development of social services, public transport, and better planning of the city’s development, monitoring, municipality border crossing) | C3 (2.13) | 2.13 | |
Participatory planning (In governance and decision making, developing cooperation between the local governments, NGOs, and private enterprises) | C2 (2.08) | 2.08 | |
Technology | Traffic management (Replacing the static with dynamic analysis tools, dynamic parking fee, adaptive traffic management) | C4 (2.00) | 2.00 |
Information (Deployment of electronic and mobile services, smart integrated + e/governance, information processing capacity, data-based governance and cooperation, unsystematic information and its readability & transferability, streamlining information system, big data for decision making, timely processing) | C4 (2.00) | 2.00 | |
Planning (Technology integration, uniform level of services provision, reorganizing & developing real time PT, improving traffic security, automation, understanding travel patterns, Smart city transition management, surveying, managing geographical information, introducing digital on-demand/ other services) | C5 (2.33) | 2.33 | |
Economic | Transport systems cost (Meeting PT operation costs, public transport system advancement cost, capacity development for traffic flow analysis, power supply costs, real time data monitoring costs, Maritime upgradation and airfield development, construction of transfer centers for public transport) | C3 (2.13) | 2.13 |
Sustainability transition cost (Hydrogen fuel operation, charging infrastructure cost, transport system component advancement cost) | C8 (2.00) | 2.00 | |
Decision making (Economic decision making, shutting of long-distance buses, PT investment prioritization, fuel transition) | C5 (2.33) | 2.33 | |
Environmental | Motivation for adopting sustainable practices | C8 (2.00) | 2.00 |
Implementation of environmentally friendly PT services | C8 (2.00) | 2.00 | |
Pollution (Sustainable infrastructure and fuels) | C8 (2.00) | 2.00 | |
Policy | Revising Infrastructural development (Cycling and pedestrian infrastructure in streets, rebuilding streets and squares, reducing parking. car-free zones, setting organizational hierarchy, developing public transport network, improving urban–rural connections, social/school transport) | C1 (2.38), C5 (2.33) and C7 (2.50) | 2.4 |
Information and governance (Access of information, Lack of disaggregated data, integrated administration of departments and institutions, inclusive governance, organizational reforms, aligning goals with decision making, collaboration with other municipalities) | C3 (2.13) and C6 (1.92) | 2.02 | |
Planning (Sustainable development practices, reorganizing public transport, intramodality, distribution of mobility, road pricing, polycentric urban environment, revising city walking plan, enhancing public trust on PT, safety improvements for active mobility) | C1 (2.38), C5 (2.33) and C7 (2.50) | 2.4 | |
Decision making (Understanding the data usability, Adopting evidence-based nature of discretionary decisions, data-based governance and decisions initiatives, participatory planning for transport policy development) | C3 (2.13) and C2 (2.08) | 2.1 | |