Table 1 List of TPIs to build a scenario

City planning

Population

Number of inhabitants in a given city.

Length of road per thousand inhabitants

Length of whole road network divided by population expressed in kilometres per thousand inhabitants.

Length of reserved public transport routes per thousand inhabitants

Length of whole public transport network on reserved lane divided by population expressed in kilometres per thousand inhabitants.

Kilometres of dedicated cycle lane per thousand of inhabitants

Level of provision of dedicated cycle lanes expressed in number of kilometres per 1,000 inhabitants

Urban population and job density

It is the ratio between the sum of the population and the number of jobs within the urban area, and the surface of the urban area

Planning and development of public transport

Bus kilometres per inhabitant

Number of busses in service for kilometres run divided by population expressed in bus kilometres per inhabitant

Tramway vehicle kilometres per inhabitant

Number of tram vehicles in service for kilometres run divided by population expressed in tramway vehicle kilometres per inhabitant

Light rail vehicle kilometres per inhabitant

Number of trains in service for kilometres run divided by population expressed in trains kilometres per inhabitant

Metro vehicle kilometres per inhabitant

Number of metro vehicles in service for kilometres run divided by population expressed in metro vehicles kilometres per inhabitant

Suburban railway vehicle kilometres per inhabitant

Number of trains in service for kilometres run divided by population expressed in trains kilometres per inhabitant

Transport demand management

Percentage of daily trips on foot and by bicycle

The portion of travellers who choose to walk and/or to use bicycle respect to whole daily trips expressed in percentage.

Percentage of daily trips by private motorised modes

The portion of travellers who choose to use private motorized vehicles (cars and motorcycle) respect to whole daily trips expressed in percentage.

Percentage of daily trips by public transport

The portion of travellers who choose to use public transport (rail and road modes) respect to whole daily trips expressed in percentage.

Average annual distance travelled per private passenger vehicle

Number of kilometres travelled in private vehicles (cars and motorcycles) divided by private vehicles expressed in kilometres per private passenger vehicle

Average passenger car occupancy rate

Number of people travelling in private vehicles divided by the number of private vehicle trips. This excludes transit vehicle users and walkers expressed in number of passengers per vehicle.

Annual private passenger vehicle kilometres per kilometre of road

Number of private passenger vehicles for kilometres travelled divided by number of kilometres of road network, expressed in Vehicles Kilometres Travelled (VKT) on kilometres of road.

Economy/Law

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per inhabitant

The value of all final goods and services produced within a territory in a given year divided by the average population for the same year.

Cost of private motorised transport for the community in% of urban GDP

The cost of private motorised transport for the community in percentage of urban GDP

Cost of public transport for the community in% of urban GDP

The cost of public transport for the community in percentage of urban GDP

Private transport supply

Passenger cars per thousand inhabitants

Number of passenger cars divided by population expressed in number of cars per thousand inhabitants

Motorcycles per thousand inhabitants

Number of motorcycles divided by population expressed in number of motorcycles per thousand inhabitants

Externalities

Annual passenger transport fatalities per million inhabitants

Number of people that are victims killed of road accidents divided by population expressed in fatalities per million inhabitants

Annual CO2 emissions due to passenger transport per inhabitant

Annual polluting emissions due to passenger transport divided by population expressed in kg per capita

Number of day PM10 concentration exceeds

Number of days of particulate matter PM10 concentration exceeds 50 μg/m3 in the urban area

Number of serious injuries due to road accidents

Number of people that are seriously injuries of road accidents divided by population expressed in number of injuries per million inhabitants

Energy consumptions

Energy consumption per private motorised passenger kilometre

The energy consumption of private transport divided by private passenger kilometres expressed in kj, kwh and ktoe (tonnes of crude oil equivalent) per passenger kilometres

Energy consumption per road based public transport passenger kilometre (at vehicle)

The energy consumption of road public transport divided by passenger kilometres road public transport expressed in kj, kwh and ktoe (tonnes of crude oil equivalent) per passenger kilometres

Energy consumption per rail based public transport passenger kilometre (at vehicle)

The energy consumption of rail public transport divided by passenger kilometres rail public transport expressed in kj, kwh and ktoe (tonnes of crude oil equivalent) per passenger kilometres.

Co-benefits indicators

Coverage by PT (% of population reached)

The percentage of population that lives within a given distance (300 m) from transit stops/stations (public transport)

Affordability index (Transportation Costs,% Household Income)

Household Transportation Costs are calculated as the sum of Car Ownership Costs, Car Use Costs, and Public Transit Costs. Dividing these costs by Urban Incomes shows the Cost Burden placed on a Typical Household by Transportation Costs.

Infrastructure expenditure per capita

Per capita expenditure in € by all levels of government, including government-owned companies and utilities, on urban infrastructure transport services during the current year. Expressed in €

Cost of one private motorised passenger kilometre for the traveller

Average cost supported by traveller that use private transport modes, expressed in € per motorized passenger kilometres