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Table 3 Comparison of different energy storage systems [4]
Energy source | Specific energy (Wh/kg) | Specific power (W/kg) | Cycle life (cycles) | Cost ($/kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
USABCa | 200 | 400 | 1000 | 100 |
Lead-acid | 35 | 150 | 700 | 150 |
Ni-Cd | 60 | 300 | 1200 | 1000 |
Ni-MH | 70 | 220 | 1500 | 1200 |
Li-ion | 130 | 350 | 1000 | 500 |
Na-NiCl | 110 | 150 | 1500 | 700 |
Zn-O2 | 200 | 100 | 1(electric fuel) | 5000 |
Flywheels | 40 | 3000 | 5000 | 20000 |
Ultracapacitors | 5 | 2000 | 500000 | 12000 |