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Table 1 Overview of the experimental design with detailed content of the evaluations and interventions provided to older drivers

From: Effectiveness of two cognitive training programs on the performance of older drivers with a cognitive self-assessment bias

Nature of the evaluation and interventions

Duration

Content

Evaluation (for all participants)

- Before and after training, two hours each time

Cognitive evaluation:

- Objective evaluation: TMT (A and B), DSST, and UFOV® test

- Subjective evaluation (questionnaire)

On-road driving evaluation: TRIP and behavioral observation grid

CT

- 36 h of computerized cognitive training during three months

Twenty cognitive exercises with fifteen difficulty levels each, focused on: attention, memory, visuospatial abilities, executive functions

CT + DS

- 35 h of computerized cognitive training during three months

Cognitive training:

- 1 h of simulated driving (3*20 min)

- Twenty cognitive exercises with fifteen difficulty levels each, focused on: attention, memory, visuospatial abilities, and executive functions

Driving simulator experience:

- Five scenarios with three difficulty levels each

- Situations trained: pedestrian crossing, intersection with traffic lights, vehicle following, left-turn, and overtaking on a highway

Supervised sessions

- Three sessions: on week 1 (beginning of the training), week 4, and week 7

Informative talks about positive and negative normal aging effects and cognitive functioning

- 3 h each time

  1. CT Cognitive training, CT + DS Cognitive training + driving simulator experience, TMT Trail Making Test, DSST Digit Substitution Symbol Test, UFOV Useful Field of View