The social perception of urban transport in the city of Madrid: the application of the Servicescape Model to the bus and underground services

Delgado Jalón, María Luisa; Gómez Ortega, Alba; De Esteban Curiel, Javier

doi:10.1186/s12544-019-0373-5

European Transport Research Review

An Open Access Journal

Table 5 Summary of the contrast of the hypothesis in this research

From: The social perception of urban transport in the city of Madrid: the application of the Servicescape Model to the bus and underground services

Hypothesis	Contrast 1		Contrast 2 (^a)
Hypothesis	A	B	C	D
H: The Underground is more highly valued socially than the bus.	Arithmetic mean		Typical dev. (dispersion)		Result
Block 1: First Impressions	Bus	Under-ground	Bus	Under-ground
Very Bad (1) to Very Good (5)
Quality of air and temperature	2.920	3.090	1.120	1.092	Given that A < B, the hypothesis can be accepted.
Space	2.700	3.170	1.045	0.956
Noise	2.690	3.070	0.971	0.916
Cleanliness, smell	2.920	3.110	1.075	0.959
Seats	3.080	3.420	1.081	0.876
Interior design and lighting	3.290	3.680	0.877	0.761
Average mean	2.933	3.257	1.028	0.927
Very Bad (5) to Very Good (1)
Sense of safety	2.950	2.930	1.080	1.104	Given that A > B, the hypothesis can be accepted.
Treatment received from employees	2.730	2.750	1.027	0.962
The signposting at the end of the street that enables one to reach the nearest stop	2.450	2.260	0.945	1.001
Average mean	2.710	2.647	1.017	1.022
Block 2: ‘Feelings’	Bus	Under-ground	Bus	Under-ground
Greatly disagree (1) to Greatly agree (5)
EMT de Madrid/Metro de Madrid associated with modernity, innovation and efficient transport	3.240	3.750	1.029	0.996	Given that A < B, the hypothesis can be accepted.
Average mean	3.240	3.750	1.029	0.996	Given that A < B, the hypothesis can be accepted.
Greatly disagree (5) to Greatly agree (1)
Transport by bus/underground makes the city more habitable.	1.890	1.860	0.877	0.934	Given that A > B, the hypothesis can be accepted.
Average mean	1.890	1.860	0.877	0.934	Given that A > B, the hypothesis can be accepted.
Block 3: Behaviour	Bus	Under-ground	Bus	Under-ground
Very often (1) to Very little (5)
Use the bus/underground for work purposes	2.021	2.238	1.356	1.438	Given that A < B, the hypothesis cannot be accepted.
Use the bus/underground for leisure purposes	2.317	2.361	1.044	1.115
Average mean	2.169	2.299	1.200	1.277
Very cheap (1) to Very expensive (5)
The current price of the bus/underground service is...	1.875	1.757	0.706	0.695	Given that A < B, the hypothesis can be accepted.
Average mean	1.875	1.757	0.706	0.695	Given that A < B, the hypothesis can be accepted.

(Source: Authors)
(^a) Contrast 2 shows strong similarities between bus and underground, so the dispersion does not modify the conclusion about contrast 1

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