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Table 1 Key acronyms used in this paper
Acronym | Term |
|---|---|
BEV | Battery electric vehicle |
CNG | Compressed natural gas |
CO2 | Carbon dioxide |
EU | European Union |
FCEV | Fuel cell electric vehicle |
GHG | Greenhouse gas |
LNG | Liquefied natural gas |
PM | Particulate matter |
NH3 | Ammonia |
NMVOC | Non-methane volatile organic compound |
NO2 | Nitrogen dioxide |
NOx | Nitrogen oxides |
NPF | National policy framework |
(P)HEV | (Plug-in) hybrid electric vehicle |
(RE)EV | (Range extender) electric vehicle |
SOx | Sulphur oxides |
TEN-T | Trans-European Transport Network |