Modelling the impacts of EU countries’ electric car deployment plans on atmospheric emissions and concentrations

European Transport Research Review

An Open Access Journal

Table 3 Modellers’ assumptions to address model differences

PRIMES – DIONE differences	Assumptions
No < 0.8 l car category in PRIMES.	The stock in DIONE is zero.
Mild hybrids are reported under the conventional car categories in PRIMES^a.	The stock in DIONE is zero.
REEVs are reported under the overall PHEV category in PRIMES^b.	The stock in DIONE is zero.
No small gasoline HEVs in DIONE.	The respective values for the medium-sized gasoline cars from PRIMES were utilised.
Only medium-sized flexible fuel vehicles, diesel HEVs, PHEVs, BEVs and FCEVs in DIONE.	The respective values for the medium-sized car technologies from PRIMES were utilised.
PRIMES runs on 5-year time steps (2010, …, 2050).	Linear interpolation for intermediate years, performed in DIONE.

^aMild hybridisation is a technology option concerning the energy efficiency potential of conventional internal combustion engine technologies. It is included in the PRIMES-TREMOVE model, but not as a separate vehicle category
^bREEVs are also implicitly included in PRIMES-TREMOVE as specific categories of the PHEVs (i.e. with higher electric ranges)