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Table 1 Comparison of context-unaware versus context-unaware state-of-the-art approaches of time series forecasting: root mean squared error (RMSE) after rolling cross-validation associated with the forecasting of check-ins at GIRA’s network (all stations) and single stations—details in [35]

From: On how to incorporate public sources of situational context in descriptive and predictive models of traffic data

Approach

RMSE

Network

Single station

KNN—DTW

23.52 ± 3.84

0.79 ± 0.14

KNN—Euclidean

24.06 ± 6.02

0.78 ± 0.14

Barycenter—DBA

27.87 ± 4.86

0.85 ± 0.15

Barycenter—Euclidean

24.81 ± 5.35

0.70 ± 0.21

Barycenter—DTW

26.87 ± 4.92

0.71 ± 0.22

Holts-Winters

47.42 ± 14.88

1.99 ± 0.73

LSTM

21.20 ± 3.40

0.72 ± 0.14

LSTM all meteo

20.94 ± 3.52

0.68 ± 0.14