Table 9 Estimated results of logistic regression analysis to crash severity for ICEVs and EVs

(Intercept)

(− 2.346, − 2.119)^a

(− 2.632, − 0.330)^a

Weekend

(0.092, 0.244)^a

(− 0.600, 1.215)

Time of day—AM peak

(− 0.236, 0.012)

(− 2.626, 0.248)

Time of day—PM peak

(− 0.271, − 0.091)^a

(− 1.351, 0.468)

Time of day—nighttime

(0.068, 0.232)^a

(− 1.729, 0.371)

Rural area

(0.153, 0.346)^a

(− 1.390, 0.927)

Speed limit—low

(− 0.363, − 0.136)^a

(− 1.715, 0.349)

Speed limit—high

(0.371, 0.542)^a

(− 0.940, 1.467)

Junction

(− 0.507, − 0.349)^a

(− 1.415, 0.226)

Presence of medians

(− 0.738, − 0.482)^a

(− 3.304, − 0.108)^a

Good visibility—rainfall/snowfall

(− 0.268, − 0.028)^a

(− 2.400, 0.785)

Poor visibility

(− 0.317, − 0.008)^a

(− 0.816, 2.164)

Road surface conditions—wet

(− 0.094, 0.102)

(− 1.098, 1.105)

Road surface conditions—snowy/icy

(− 0.174, 0.044)

(− 1.248, 1.424)

Accident category—motorcycle

(0.770, 0.950)^a

(0.249, 2.409)^a

Accident category—bike/pedestrian

(1.054, 1.251)^a

(− 0.152, 1.910)