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Table 2 Injury prediction of different body regions
From: Investigations on tram-pedestrian impacts by application of virtual testing with human body models
Criteria | Based on | Sources |
|---|---|---|
HIC | Resultant Head CoG accelerations filtered with CFC1000 | Schmitt et al. [26] |
DAMAGE MPS | DAMAGE Implementation in Dynasaur using head rotation sensors implemented in VIVA + definition files, filtered with CFC60 | Gabler et al. [11] Wu et al. [36] Euro NCAP [8] |
Risk of fractured ribs | Risk per rib determined based on maximum strain per rib Combined to overall risk of fractured ribs using probabilistic method | Larsson et al. [19] Forman et al. [9] |
Proximal femur fracture risk | Risk based on MPS99 using risk curves calibrated for VIVA + model | Schubert et al. [27] |
Femur shaft fracture risk | Risk based on MPS99 using risk curves calibrated for VIVA + model | Schubert et al. [27] |
Tibia shaft fracture risk | Risk based on MPS99 using risk curves calibrated for VIVA + model | Developed in WP2 of VIRTUAL (unpublished) |