Table 3 Main Societal Added Value of IC/Rural MaaS and main barriers, compared with urban areas

Main Societal Added Value:

Increasing accessibility of remote areas and accessibility to transport services

This work, Papaioannou et al. [6], Eckhardt et al. [5]

Shifting from Car utilization to more sustainable transport modes

Ηensher et al. [19], Wong et al. [14], Jittrapirom et al. [2], Kamargianni et al. [15]

Planning of better connections in intermodal trips to increase perceived/objective quality of service

This work, Allard et al. [12]

Reducing Transport Poverty

This work, Nelson et al. [31], Papaioannou et al. [6], Ιnce et al. [32] , Eckhardt et al. [5]

Main Barriers Towards MaaS:

Unwillingness to collaborate/cooperate

This work, Eckhardt et al. [5], Rehme et al. [23]

Unwillingness to collaborate/cooperate

Pagoni et al. [43], Polydoropoulou et al. [16]

Liability of Operators in case of disruptions

This work, Pagoni et al. [43]

Lack of Standardized Data formats and APIS

Pagoni et al. [43], Polydoropoulou et al. [16]

Regulatory Framework

This work, Papaioannou et al. [6]

Regulatory Framework

Hasselwander et al. [22], Polydoropoulou et al. [16], Polis [48]

Unavailability of Technological Assets

This work, Papaioannou et al. [6]