Table 2 Conceptualizations of cycling experiences

Liu et al. [76]

Spatial, e.g., relationship to place, remembering mental maps; Social, e.g., interaction with other people; Sensory, e.g., smell, vision, sounds, feel of the bicycle and road

Hagen et al. [54]

Safety and Reliability; Speed; Comfort; Ease; Quality time

Keuning [65]

Psychological flow during cycling. Flow is characterized by effort-less control, total absorption in the ride, a belief in one’s abilities, and more [23]

Rundio et al. [105]

Experiences of personal transformation, e.g., identity change in case of an elderly person losing the ability to cycle. Extraordinary experiences, e.g., experiences of mindset and habit changes after a 10.000 km cycling journey

Andres [3]

SCTs as thrillers, partners, detractors, and assistants, which result in 12 different types of cycling experiences. E.g., SCTs as thrillers lead to experiences of competition, SCTs as detractors lead to experiences of discouragement

Kalra et al. [63]

Perceived safety, perceived comfort, aggression, anxiety, risk perception, emotional stress, conflicts, threats